Cisco ccna exam tutorial using trivial file transfer protocol tftp

Cisco CCNA Exam Tutorial: Using Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)

If TFTP isn't secure, why use it? Learn the details for your CCNA and real-world success from Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933.

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One of the first things you do when you start studying for the CCNA exam is memorizing a list of port numbers and the protocols that run on those ports. If you're an experienced networker, you know most of the protocols that are mentioned - DNS, DHCP, FTP, SMTP, and so on. But there's one protocol that you might not have experience with, but is actually vital for CCNA exam success and success in working with Cisco routers and switches, and that's TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol.

TFTP is basically FTP's non-secure relative. There are no passwords, no authentication scheme, no nothing! As someone once told me, "If I'm transferring my files, there's nothing 'trivial' about it."

Great. So youre thinking, What the heck do we use TFTP for, anyway?

TFTP is used in the Cisco world to perform IOS upgrades and to save configs to a TFTP Server. Cisco routers can themselves serve as TFTP servers, or you can use a workstation to fill that role.

If you needed to copy an IOS image to a router, for

 

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Classic television show dvd popularity on the rise

Classic Television Show DVD Popularity On The Rise

In recent years, it has become a growing trend to buy and watch classic television shows on DVD for your family entertainment. The availability of some of the all-time favorite classic TV shows on DVD and video has become pervasive throughout the U.S. This allows families to not only catch up on the past seasons of the television shows that they might have missed, but to go back to the classics that we and our parents grew up watching. It is now easier than ever to find seaso...

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In recent years, it has become a growing trend to buy and watch classic television shows on DVD for your family entertainment. The availability of some of the all-time favorite classic TV shows on DVD and video has become pervasive throughout the U.S. This allows families to not only catch up on the past seasons of the television shows that they might have missed, but to go back to the classics that we and our parents grew up watching. It is now easier than ever to find seasons of shows that were produced 30 or 40 years ago, right alongside the DVDs of the television shows that are currently on the air. America seems to have become infatuated with remembering the characters and situations produced during the early years of television. What are the reasons for the increased popularity of classic television shows?

Classic television enthusiasts represent a large market of consumers. There were many classic sitcoms and variety shows that were aired between the 50s, 60s and 70s, that represent not only a large generation of viewers but a very powerful time in American history. They speak for the events of that age and include social and political commentary that goes right along with when they were made. Therefore, they are nostalgic entertainment and fun to relive. For those that watched these shows when they originally aired, classic TV DVDs allow them to relive that time in their life. For those that were too young to watch them when they first ran, DVDs allow them to appreciate the classics as new entertainment.

Classic television shows now available on DVD and video have created a new way to ensure that these memories are not lost. As more and more popular televisions shows became available on DVD in the 90s, there became a growing interest to see older television sitcoms on DVD as well. Shows like ER, Star Trek and The Simpsons were being sold at a tremendous rate which led to more and more people asking what happened to the other shows they once loved. Few television networks are able to show classic television programs which left a large gap of potential entertainment untapped and potentially gone forever. Without the DVD releases of these shows, the newer generations would have little knowledge about the early time in television history. But by allowing the distribution of these old sitcoms and variety shows through DVD, all generations can watch and love some of the classic shows and entertainers. Sonny and Cher, Donny and Marie and the comedic genius of Bob Hope can now be watched, remembered and cherished

In general, home entertainment and the purchase of DVDs has become one of the most popular entertainment expenditures for the American home. With televisions and DVD players become more sophisticated and movie tickets become more expensive, homes are opting to outfit their home to take on the task of keeping the family entertained. This means that more and more shows and movies to watch are also necessary. There is no shortage of network television to watch but there is a shortage on time to watch them all. When families know that they can purchase an entire season of a television shows on DVD in three to six months, they will do so. More and more we are finding families picking up classic television DVDs to watch because they werent able to watch them when they aired originally. With the television DVD market, it is now possible to follow the storylines of television shows that are on at exactly the same time. This is something that wasn't possible even ten years ago.

Classic television shows are put onto DVDs so that a whole new generation of fans can watch them. Imagine a company that can make money off of a television series even twenty years after it aired. It no longer matters if a television show is currently on the air or not. With the new trend for putting classic television DVDs in consumers hands, classic shows are able to have a second chance at life. Some viewers can find shows from their childhood and enjoy the nostalgia that goes along with them, or they can teach their own children about the shows that they used to love. In the past, once a television show was no longer on the air, there was no way to see it again. However, now shows can be enjoyed over and over again. These shows are important to many viewers in lots of different ways and by putting these classic television shows on video and DVD, they can be popular for years to come.

 

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Cisco ccna exam tutorial password recovery procedures

Cisco CCNA Exam Tutorial: Password Recovery Procedures

Learn how to recover from a lost password on a Cisco router from Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933.

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It might happen on your CCNA exam, it might happen on your production network - but sooner or later, you're going to have to perform password recovery on a Cisco router or switch. This involves manipulating the router's configuration register, and that is enough to make some CCNA candidates and network administrators really nervous!

It's true that setting the configuration register to the wrong value can damage the router, but if you do the proper research before starting the password recovery process, you'll be fine.

Despite what some books say, there is no "one size fits all" approach to Cisco password recovery. What works on a 2500 router may not work on other routers and switches. There is a great master Cisco document out on the Web that you should bookmark today. Just put "cisco password recovery" in your favorite search engine and you should find it quickly.

The following procedure describes the process in recovering from aRecommended For You

Civil war bullet collecting

Civil War Bullet Collecting: A Hobby that Honors the Past

Did you know that during the Civil War, more than 1000 different types of bullets were used? This is one reason Civil War bullet collecting has become a popular hobby. Another reason is that the time of the Civil War saw changes taking place in the development of firearms and ammunition. The old round musketballs of the Revolution were being replaced with bullets in the shape we are accustomed to. While musketballs are found on Civil War battlefields, the most common type of bullet used was the .58-caliber bullet with three rings around the base. Many bullets found are splattered out of shape. If you've always been fascinated by the Civil War and firearms, Civil War bullet collecting is a hobby you will enjoy.

With the advent of Internet buying and selling, Civil War bullets have become more collectible, and the prices have gone up quickly. Not only this, sometimes sellers are not informed and ask more than the bullet is worth. For these

 

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Classes of canadian immigrants

Classes of Canadian Immigrants

Immigration to Canada refers to when individuals or certain groups of people migrate to Canada in order to reside in that country permanently. Many people, fortunately, are granted permission to become citizens. But, still, many is not equivalent to all, as hundreds of applicants still go home empty-handed as they are not allowed Canadian citizenship.

Since then, people coming from different countries and races have been migrating to Canada. It is because of this that the rates of immigration within Canada have largely increased, especially after certain laws were passed. It was in 1947 that some changes were made to the immigration status or level of the country, primarily because of the domestic immigration law, particularly the Immigration Act of 1976. Aside from the aforementioned laws, there is also the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act of 2002.

Classes of immigrants

Canadian immigrants are actually further subdivided into three quite distinct categories. The first one is the Family Class, which involves the people who are closely related to individuals who are already residents of Canada.

The next one is the Independent Immigrant, which means that that particular immigrant has been admitted entry on the basis of a certain point system that accounts for the persons health, market or labor related skills, health, and age. These factors largely affect whether or not they will be granted permission to enter the country since they will determine if that certain immigrant has the talents or the skills necessary for a cost-effective experience within the white collar or blue collar labor system of Canada.

And, lastly, Refugees comprise of the third category of immigrants. These Refugees are the ones who seek protection from other nations by applying to stay in Canada.

Total immigrant population

In the year 2008, there were around sixty-five thousand five hundred and sixty-seven immigrants categorized under Family Class, twenty-one thousand and eight hundred sixty Refugees, with one hundred and forty-nine thousand seventy-two economic immigrants among the total population of immigrants that amount to two hundred forty-seven thousand two hundred and forty-three.

Today, Canada is regarded as the country that has the broadest policies regarding immigration. In fact, such policies are also reflected in the ethnic diversity of the country. Moreover, it was in 2001 that Statistics Canada showed that the country has around thirty-four varied ethnic groups, having at least a hundred thousand members in each group.

Immigrant minorities

More than sixteen percent has been proven to be comprised of the countrys visible minorities, with South Asians being the most abundant, ranking at four percent of the entire population of minorities. the chinese comprised of nearly four percent, the Blacks or the African Americans had nearly two and a half percent while Filipinos have more than one percent.

Outstripping the visible minorities when it comes to proportion are the french or the non-British invisible minorities, with Germans at more than ten percent, the Dutch at nearly four percent, the Italians at nearly five percent, Ukrainians at nearly four percent, and the Polish at more than three percent.

 

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