Cisco ccna exam tutorial using trivial file transfer protocol tftp

Cisco CCNA Exam Tutorial: Using Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)

If TFTP isn't secure, why use it? Learn the details for your CCNA and real-world success from Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933.

ccna, free, tutorial, tftp, router, copy, ios, image, pass, icnd, run, start, bryant, advantage

One of the first things you do when you start studying for the CCNA exam is memorizing a list of port numbers and the protocols that run on those ports. If you're an experienced networker, you know most of the protocols that are mentioned - DNS, DHCP, FTP, SMTP, and so on. But there's one protocol that you might not have experience with, but is actually vital for CCNA exam success and success in working with Cisco routers and switches, and that's TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol.

TFTP is basically FTP's non-secure relative. There are no passwords, no authentication scheme, no nothing! As someone once told me, "If I'm transferring my files, there's nothing 'trivial' about it."

Great. So youre thinking, What the heck do we use TFTP for, anyway?

TFTP is used in the Cisco world to perform IOS upgrades and to save configs to a TFTP Server. Cisco routers can themselves serve as TFTP servers, or you can use a workstation to fill that role.

If you needed to copy an IOS image to a router, for

 

Recommended For You

Cisco ccna exam tutorial password recovery procedures

Cisco CCNA Exam Tutorial: Password Recovery Procedures

Learn how to recover from a lost password on a Cisco router from Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933.

cisco, password, recovery, ccna, exam, tutorial, configuration, register, 2500, router, enable, ccie

It might happen on your CCNA exam, it might happen on your production network - but sooner or later, you're going to have to perform password recovery on a Cisco router or switch. This involves manipulating the router's configuration register, and that is enough to make some CCNA candidates and network administrators really nervous!

It's true that setting the configuration register to the wrong value can damage the router, but if you do the proper research before starting the password recovery process, you'll be fine.

Despite what some books say, there is no "one size fits all" approach to Cisco password recovery. What works on a 2500 router may not work on other routers and switches. There is a great master Cisco document out on the Web that you should bookmark today. Just put "cisco password recovery" in your favorite search engine and you should find it quickly.

The following procedure describes the process in recovering from aRecommended For You

Cisco ccnp bsci exam tutorial eigrp route summarization

Cisco CCNP / BSCI Exam Tutorial: EIGRP Route Summarization

Its not enough to know how to summarize routes to pass the BSCI exam, you need to know the commands for each protocol! Learn how to summarize routes in EIGRP with Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933.

Ccnp, bsci, exam, pass, route, summarization, summarize, binary, conversion, eigrp, ospf, external, route, summary, address

Summarizing routes is a vital skill to learn to pass the BSCI exam and get one step closer to earning your CCNP. The actual binary conversions are only part of the test, though! You've got to know how to correctly apply the summary routes, and that differs from one protocol to the next. In the last few CCNP / BSCI tutorials, we've looked at using the "area range" and "summary-address" commands to perform OSPF route summarization. Today, we'll take a look at summarizing routes in EIGRP.

We'll use the following four loopback addresses in this example:

Loopback 16, 16.16.16.16 /32

Loopback 17, 17.17.17.17 /32

Loopback 18, 18.18.18.18 /32

Loopback 19. 19.19.19.19 /32

On R1, we'll place these four addresses into EIGRP AS 100.

R1(config-if)#router eigrp 100

R1(config-router)#network 16.16.16.16 0.0.0.0

R1(config-router)#network 17.17.17.17 0.0.0.0

R1(config-router)#network 18.18.18.18 0.0.0.0

R1(config-router)#n

 

Recommended For You

Cisco ccnp bcmsn exam tutorial dynamic vlans and vmps

Cisco CCNP / BCMSN Exam Tutorial: Dynamic VLANs and VMPS

To pass the BCMSN exam, youve got to know the basics of dynamic VLANs and VMPS. Learn the basics from Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933.

Ccnp, bcmsn, pass, exam, training, vmps, dynamic, vlan, network, port, assignment, free, host, mac, address, switch

Knowledge of Dynamic VLANs and VMPS is important in your efforts to pass the BCMSN exam and earn your CCNP, and it's also a great skill to have for your networking career.

As a CCNA and CCNP candidate, you know how and why to configure static VLANs. Static VLANs can be a powerful tool for reducing unnecessary broadcast and multicast traffic, but if hosts are moved from one switch port to another, you've got to make those changes manually on the switch. With Dynamic VLANs, the changes are made - how else? - dynamically.

The actual configuration of dynamic VLANs is out of the scope of the BCMSN exam, but as a CCNP candidate you need to know the basics of VMPS - a VLAN Membership Policy Server.

Using VMPS results in port VLAN membership changes being performed dynamically, because the port's VLAN membership is decided by the source MAC address of the device connected to that port. (Yet another reason that the first value a switch looks at on an incoming frame is the source MAC address.)

In my home lab n

 

Recommended For You

Cisco ccnp certification bsci exam tutorial route summarization basics

Cisco CCNP Certification / BSCI Exam Tutorial: Route Summarization Basics

To pass the BSCI exam and earn your CCNP certification, youve got to master the basics of route summarization. Learn how to do just that in this article from Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933.

Ccnp, ccna, exam, pass, free, certification, route, summarization, rip, igrp, eigrp, ospf

As you earn your CCNA and CCNP certification, you're going to have to get comfortable with manually summarizing routes. This isn't just another reason to learn binary math (although it's a good one!), but summarizing routes is a true real-world skill that can help your network operate more efficiently. So the question isn't just how to summarize routes, it's why.

When you summarize routes in RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, or OSPF, you're replacing a series of routes with a summary route and mask. With RIP, IGRP, and EIGRP, this actually lessens the size of the routing update packet itself - multiple routes are replaced with the summary route. For instance, the routes 8.0.0.0/8, 9.0.0.0/8, 10.0.0.0/8, and 11.0.0.0/8 can be summarized as 8.0.0.0 252.0.0.0. Only the summary address will be found in the update packet, making it concise yet complete.

Summarizing routes can also make the routing table smaller, yet still allow for complete IP connect

 

Recommended For You

Cisco ccnp bsci exam tutorial route summarization

Cisco CCNP / BSCI Exam Tutorial: Route Summarization

To pass the BSCI exam and earn your CCNP certification, youve got to master route summarization. Learn how to create the summary routes and apply them correctly from Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933.

Ccnp, exam, bsci, video, route, summary, summarization, rip, eigrp, ospf, area, range, address, pass, free

Preparing to pass the BSCI exam and earn your Cisco CCNP? Route summarization is just one of the many skills you'll have to master in order to earn your CCNP. Whether it's RIP version 2, OSPF, or EIGRP, the BSCI exam will demand that you can flawlessly configure route summarization.

Route summarization isn't just important for the BSCI exam. It's a valuable skill to have in the real world as well. Correctly summarizing routes can lead to smaller routing tables that are still able to route packets accurately - what I like to call "concise and complete" routing tables.

The first skill you've got to have in order to work with route summarization is binary math more specifically, you must be able to take multiple routes and come up with both a summary route and mask to advertise to downstream routers. Given the networks 100.16.0.0 /16, 100.17.0.0 /16, 100.18.0.0 /16, and 100.19.0.0 /16, could you quickly come up with both the summary address and mask? All you need to do is break the four network nu

 

Recommended For You

Cisco ccnp bsci exam tutorial configuring and troubleshooting ospf virtual links

Cisco CCNP / BSCI Exam Tutorial: Configuring And Troubleshooting OSPF Virtual Links

Configuring and troubleshooting OSPF virtual links are skills you'll need to pass the BSCI exam. Learn these skills from Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933.

cisco, ccnp, certification, bsci, ospf, virtual, links, stub, total, area, ccna, pass, free, transit

Knowing when and how to create an OSPF virtual link is an essential skill for BSCI and CCNP exam success, not to mention how important it can be on your job! As a CCNA and CCNP candidate, you know the theory of virtual links, so let's take a look at how to configure a virtual link, as well as some real-world tips that many CCNA and CCNP study guides leave out!

In this configuration, no router with an interface in Area 4 has a physical interface in Area 0. This means a logical connection to Area 0, a virtual link, must be built.

In the following example, R1 and R3 are adjacent and both have interfaces in Area 0. R4 has an adjacency with R3 via Area 34, but R4 has no physical interface in Area 0 and is advertising its loopback 4.4.4.4 into OSPF. R1 doesn't have the route to that loopback.

R1#show ip route ospf

6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O 6.6.6.6 [110/11] via 10.1.1.5, 01:05:45, Ethernet0

172.23.0.0/27 is subnetted, 1 subnets

 

Recommended For You

Cisco ccnp bsci exam tutorial rip update packet authentication

Cisco CCNP / BSCI Exam Tutorial: RIP Update Packet Authentication

Configuring RIP update packet authentication is an important skill for the BSCI exam and the real world! Learn how to perform this tricky configuration from Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933.

Ccnp, bsci, exam, rip, packet, authentication, clear, text, md5, interface, command, pass, free, tutorial, certification

When you earned your CCNA, you thought you learned everything there is to know about RIP. Close, but not quite! There are some additional details you need to know to pass the BSCI exam and get one step closer to the CCNP exam, and one of those involves RIP update packet authentication.

You're familiar with some advantages of using RIPv2 over RIPv1, support for VLSM chief among them. But one advantage that you're not introduced to in your CCNA studies is the ability to configure routing update packet authentication.

You have two options, clear text and MD5. Clear text is just that - a clear text password that is visible by anyone who can pick a packet off the wire. If you're going to go to the trouble of configuring update authentication, you should use MD5. The MD stands for "Message Digest", and this is the algorithm that produces the hash value for the password that will be contained in the update packets.

Not only must the routers agree on the password, they must agree on the authentication

 

Recommended For You

Cisco ccnp bcsi exam tutorial broadcasts and the ip helper address command

Cisco CCNP / BCSI Exam Tutorial: Broadcasts And The IP Helper-Address Command

Learn how to allow certain broadcasts to be forwarded by a router in this tutorial from Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933.

cisco, ccnp, bsci, exam, pass, free, tutorial, ip, helper, address, broacast, router, forward, ccie

While routers accept and generate broadcasts, they do not forward them. This can be quite a problem when a broadcast needs to get to a device such as a DHCP or TFTP server that's on one side of a router with other subnets on the other side.


If a PC attempts to locate a DNS server with a broadcast, the broadcast will be stopped by the router and will never get to the DNS server. By configuring the ip helper-address command on the router, UDP broadcasts such as this will be translated into a unicast by the router, making the communication possible. The command should be configured on the interface that will be receiving the broadcasts.

R1(config)#int e0

R1(config-if)#ip helper-address ?

A.B.C.D IP destination address

R1(config-if)#ip helper-address 100.1.1.2

Now, you may be wondering if this command covers all UDP services. Sorry, you're not getting off that easy! The command does forward eight common UDP service broadcasts, though.

TIME, port 37

TACACS, port 49

DNS, port 53

BOOTP/DHCP

 

Recommended For You

Cisco ccna exam tutorial route summarization

Cisco CCNA Exam Tutorial: Route Summarization

To earn your CCNA, youve got to be a master of route summarization. Learn the details that will help you master this skill from Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933.

Ccna, exam, pass, certification, video, cbt, route, summarization, training, ospf, rip, eigrp, summary, address

Preparing to pass the CCNA exam and earn this important Cisco certification? Route summarization is just one of the many skills you'll have to master in order to earn your CCNA. Whether it's RIP version 2, OSPF, or EIGRP, the CCNA exam will demand that you can flawlessly configure route summarization.

Route summarization isn't just important for the CCNA exam. It's a valuable skill to have in the real world as well. Correctly summarizing routes can lead to smaller routing tables that are still able to route packets accurately - what I like to call "concise and complete" routing tables.

The first skill you've got to have in order to work with route summarization is binary math; more specifically, you must be able to take multiple routes and come up with both a summary route and mask to advertise to downstream routers. Given the networks 100.16.0.0 /16, 100.17.0.0 /16, 100.18.0.0 /16, and 100.19.0.0 /16, could you quickly come up with both the summary address and mask? All you need to do is

 

Recommended For You

Cisco ccna exam tutorial how to spend your study time

Cisco CCNA Exam Tutorial: How To Spend Your Study Time

1325

Making the most of your CCNA study time is vital! Learn how to maximize your study efforts from Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933.

ccna, exam, study, plan, pass, free, tutorial, bryant, advantage, 12933, ccie, intro, icnd

To pass the CCNA exam, you've got to create a study plan. Part of that plan is scheduling your study time, and making that study time count.


Youve scheduled your exam youve created a document to track your study time youve planned exactly when youre going to study. Now the plan must be carried out, without exception.


What exceptions do I mean? Cell phones. Televisions. IPods. Significant others. The list can go on and on.


Its one thing to have a plan, and an important thing now youve got to make sure you carry it out to its fullest potential. Thats easy to say until youre studying and a friend calls, or you remember that TV show you wanted to watch is on tonight, or you start surfing the Web for Cisco information and end up playing a game.


You MUST make these small sacrifices in order to achieve your main goal, the CCNA. Any worthwhile accomplishment requires some small sacrifice.


TV will be there when youre done studying. Your significant other will be there when youre done studying.

 

Recommended For You